《植物生理学报》 2017, 53(9): 1753-1760

外源褪黑素对苹果采后灰霉病的防效及防御酶活性的影响

曹晶晶^*, 于子超^*, 张颖^*, 李保华, 梁文星, 王彩霞^**

青岛农业大学植物医学学院, 山东省植物病虫害综合防控重点实验室, 山东青岛266109

通信作者：曹晶晶；E-mail: cxwang@qau.edu.cn

摘　要：

以‘富士’果实为材料, 采用刺伤接种法, 研究外源褪黑素对苹果采后灰霉病的防效及其防病机制, 结果表明外源褪黑素处理后再接种灰霉病菌, 病斑面积显著降低, 0.2 mmol·L^-1褪黑素处理后间隔72 h以上接种病原菌的处理, 防效高达83%以上。0.1~0.4 mmol·L^-1褪黑素对灰霉病菌分生孢子萌发和菌丝生长均无明显的抑制作用, 但褪黑素可显著提高果实内过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)和苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)活性, 其峰值是对照的1.86~8.73倍, 且在测定时间内始终显著高于对照。表明外源褪黑素通过持续提高果实内防御酶活性诱导苹果对灰霉病的抗性。

关键词：褪黑素; 苹果; 灰霉病菌; 防御酶; 诱导抗性

收稿：2017-05-18   修定：2017-08-11

资助：现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-28)、国家级大学生创新训练项目(200610435005)、国家自然科学基金(31272001)和山东省“泰山学者”建设工程专项经费。

Control efficiency of exogenous melatonin against postharvest apple grey mold and its influence on the activity of defensive enzymes

CAO Jing-Jing^*, YU Zi-Chao^*, ZHANG Ying^*, LI Bao-Hua, LIANG Wen-Xing, WANG Cai-Xia^**

Key Lab of Integrated Crop Pest Management of Shandong, College of Plant Health and Medicine, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, Shangdong 266109, China

Corresponding author: CAO Jing-Jing; E-mail: cxwang@qau.edu.cn

Abstract:

In the present study, apple fruit (Malus domestica) ‘Fuji’ was used to investigate the control efficiency and biocontrol mechanism of exogenous melatonin against postharvest apple grey mold caused by Botrytis cinerea with the wound inoculation. The results showed that exogenous melatonin pretreatment significantly reduced the lesion areas compared with the treatment only inoculated with B. cinerea. When pretreated with 0.2 mmol·L^-1 melatonin for more than 72 h, followed by B. cinerea inoculation, the control efficiency was up to 83%. Melatonin at different concentrations (0.1 to 0.4 mmol·L^-1) had no significant inhibitory effect on conidial germination and mycelial growth of B. cinerea. However, the activities of defensive enzymes such as peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and phenylalanine ammonialyase (PAL) were significantly increased in exogenous melatonin treated fruit, which were all significantly higher than the control in the determination time. The activity peaks of POD, CAT, SOD, PPO and PAL in fruit treated with melatonin were 1.86 to 8.73 times higher than those of controls. The results suggested that exogenous melatonin could induce apple fruit resistance against B. cinerea infection via increasing the activities of defensive enzymes.

Key words: melatonin; apple; Botrytis cinerea; defensive enzymes; induced resistance